Nearsightedness (myopia) is a common cause of blurred vision. It can be mild, moderate, or severe. If you are nearsighted, objects in the distance appear blurry and out of focus. You might squint or frown when trying to see distant objects clearly. These problems cause light rays entering the eye to focus in front of the retina . Normally, light focuses directly on the retina.
Farsightedness or hyperopic means that the eye focuses better on distant objects than on those that are close. Adults with hyperopic or farsightedness may have difficulty focusing on objects close up, such as print in a book. As they mature, these same adults may have difficulty focusing on distant objects, as well. If the eye is too short, or the focusing power too weak, the image is focused behind the retina. At the retinal surface, the image is blurred. Thus, the vision, too, is blurred. Hyperopic often runs in families. It is often present at birth; however, many children outgrow it.
Astigmatism is characterized by an irregular curvature of the cornea. This is one type of refractive error. Astigmatism occurs in nearly everybody to some degree. For significant curvature, treatment is required. A person’s eye is naturally spherical in shape. Under normal circumstances, when light enters the eye, it refracts evenly, creating a clear view of the object. However, the eye of a person with astigmatism is shaped more like a football or the back of a spoon. For this person, when light enters the eye it is refracted more in one direction than the other, allowing only part of the object to be in focus at one time. Objects at any distance can appear blurry and wavy.
The eye is similar to a camera – cornea and lens focus the light on to the retina; the pupil works like a camera diaphragm, controls the amount of light entering in the eye.
The retina is the light sensitive layer which lines the inner wall of the eye. The retina converts the visual image in to a signal and brain reads the signal. Retina transmit the signal to brain through Optic nerve. The retina is similar to the film of a camera. Even if we have a expensive camera but film is not good, camera cannot take good picture. Similarly if Retina is affected due to any disease, vision is not clearly.
Retina Angiography (FFA & ICG)
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
Ultrasound (B SCAN)
Child not looking at parents / lights and not playing with toys etc.
Child with white reflex in eyes (Cataract / RD / eye tumor etc…).
Child with defective vision / headache / eye pain. Child with deviated eyes (Squint).
Child with involuntary movements of eyes (Nystagmus).
Child with eye trauma.
Child with small sized eye ball or cornea.
Premature & low birth weight babies.
Child not fairing in school.
Complain of constant watering / discharge from eyes.
Child with frequent itching, redness, watering from eyes.
Child with systemic / metabolic disorders, neurological problems developmental delay etc…
Child with lid abnormalities (ptosis, hemangioma, coloboma etc..).
If parents are using spectacles then child should get annual checkup starting from two years of age.
If one child in a family is using glass then other siblings needs detail checkup.
Have your child examined before age of five years and then on a yearly basis through out the school years.
